Startups devise some fairly clever tactics to sell investors on their business models, but Russian tech entrepreneur Dmitry Itskovs newest venture sells itself: Invest in his new research and development interest and the payoff could be immortality. A new corporate entity that the Russian multi-millionaire will formally announce at an event in June will allow investors to bankroll research into neuroscience and human consciousness with the ultimate goal of transferring human minds into robots, extending human life indefinitely. Early investors will be first in line for the technology when it matures, something Itskov believes will happen in the 2040s.创业公司想要出有各种十分聪慧的办法来向投资者促销自己的商业模式，但俄罗斯科技创业家德米特里?伊茨科夫的近期事业本身就是卖点：投资他的研发新项目，报酬可能会是取得永生。这位俄罗斯大富豪将在今年6月的一次活动上月宣告正式成立一家新的公司实体，为投资者获取机会，资助神经系统科学和人类意识的研究，最后把人的意识重制到机器人身上，从而无限期缩短人类寿命。等到这项技术成熟期（伊茨科夫指出这将在21世纪40年代构建）时，早期投资者可以优先用于。Over lunch with reporters last week, 32-year-old Itskov outlined a rough roadmap for the future of his 2045 Initiative, a multi-decade research and development push to understand human consciousness and ultimately how to transfer it from human bodies into robotic avatars. When Itskov first became serious about selling off his Russian Internet concerns to pursue what he calls the next evolutionary step for humanity a few years ago, he had hoped to do so in a non-profit manner. But now, he says, he realizes that a business case is the best case for moving the project forward.上周，在与记者共进午餐时，32岁的伊茨科夫粗略刻画了他“2045行动”的未来路线图。

这个持续数十年的研发项目目的弄清楚人类的意识，最后寻找将人类意识从人体重制到机器人化身中的办法。几年前，伊茨科夫第一次开始严肃地考虑到出售他的俄罗斯互联网公司，以便执着他所说的“人类下一个演化步骤”。当时，他曾期望通过非盈利方式来已完成。但现在他说道，他意识到商业模式才是推展这个项目发展的最差方法。

In the beginning I thought once we raised this question it would be obvious to people that this is possible and everyone would be interested, Itskov says. It was naive thinking, I have to be honest. I understand now that I shouldnt neglect those business aspects that I tried to avoid when I started thinking about this idea. We have to create business opportunities in this process or nobody will be interested over the next ten or twenty years, especially the entrepreneurs that could potentially afford to do this.“最初，我们明确提出这个项目时我曾指出，人们似乎不会坚信这有可能构建，所有人都会感兴趣，”伊茨科夫说道。“但我被迫否认，这个点子太天真了。现在我早已明白，我不应当忽视我在开始构想这个项目时企图规避的那些商业问题。我们必需在这个过程中建构商业机会，否则没人会对今后十年或二十年感兴趣，特别是在是那些有钱人投资这个项目的企业家。

”The 2045 Initiative is a complex and expensive research project, but its goals are fairly straightforward. First, by 2020 scientists will figure out how to control robots via brain-machine interfaces (read: mind control). By 2025 the goal is to place a human brain into a working robot and have that persons consciousness (memories, personality, and everything else that makes up the self) transfer along with it. After that things tip very seriously over into the realm of science fiction, as the later stages of the project aim to create robots with artificial brains to which human consciousness can be uploaded (by 2035) and, finally, completely disembodied consciousness that is something like a hologram version of a persons mind.“2045行动”是向来出现异常简单、斥资极大的研究项目，但它的目标非常具体。首先，到2020年，科学家们将解决问题如何通过脑机模块（也就是意识掌控）来掌控机器人的问题。

到2025年，目标是把人脑重制到机器人身上，让那个人的意识（记忆，性格以及包含“自我”的其他所有东西）也一起移往。此后则转入了科幻领域。

这个项目后期阶段的目标是建构具备人工大脑的机器人，接着把人的意识上传遍人工大脑（到2035年），最后使意识完全瓦解肉体，就只不过是个人意识的全息图。If this all sounds a little crazy, Itskov says, thats because it is. But its certainly not impossible. He likens the initiative to the U.S. space program, whose ultimate achievements seemed impossible in 1939, three decades prior to the moon landing. And, as with the space program, Itskov sees the 2045 Initiative as an engine for technological and economic development, one that will drive discovery in neuroscience, robotics, artificial intelligence—even spirituality. When Itskov begins leafing through slides on his laptop highlighting very real, very sophisticated brain-machine interface technologies that already exist in research labs today, the first phase of his project suddenly feels more realistic. The later phases of the 2045 Initiative still seem to border on the impossible, but Itskov is completely confident that technology will evolve to conquer these seemingly insurmountable challenges.伊茨科夫说道，如果这听得一起有点可怕，那是因为本就如此，但并非不有可能构建。

他把这个项目比作美国太空计划。1939年，也就是登月前30年，美国太空计划的最终目标也或许不有可能构建。

和太空计划一样，伊茨科夫把“2045行动”视作技术和经济发展的引擎，将推展神经系统科学、机器人技术、人工智能甚至灵学的变革。当伊茨科夫开始在笔记本电脑上翻看幻灯片，展出如今实验室里有数的那些十分现实、十分先进设备的脑机接口技术时，这个项目的第一阶段忽然之间变得更为不切实际了。“2045 行动”的后期阶段或许依然不太可能构建，但伊茨科夫几乎坚信，技术的变革将吞并这些看起来不可逾越的挑战。

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